Australia - Oceania :: Fiji

- Introduction :: Fiji
- Background:
  Fiji became independent in 1970 after nearly a century as a British colony. Democratic rule was interrupted by two military coups in 1987 caused by concern over a government perceived as dominated by the Indian community (descendants of contract laborers brought to the islands by the British in the 19th century). The coups and a 1990 constitution that cemented native Melanesian control of Fiji led to heavy Indian emigration; the population loss resulted in economic difficulties, but ensured that Melanesians became the majority. A new constitution enacted in 1997 was more equitable. Free and peaceful elections in 1999 resulted in a government led by an Indo-Fijian, but a civilian-led coup in 2000 ushered in a prolonged period of political turmoil. Parliamentary elections held in 2001 provided Fiji with a democratically elected government led by Prime Minister Laisenia QARASE. Reelected in May 2006, QARASE was ousted in a December 2006 military coup led by Commodore Voreqe BAINIMARAMA, who initially appointed himself acting president but in January 2007 became interim prime minister. Following years of political turmoil, long-delayed legislative elections were held in September 2014 that were deemed "credible" by international observers and that resulted in BAINIMARAMA being reelected.
- Geography :: Fiji
- Location:
  Oceania, island group in the South Pacific Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand
  Geographic coordinates:
  18 00 S, 175 00 E
  Map references:
  Oceania
  Area:
  total: 18,274 sq km
  land: 18,274 sq km
  water: 0 sq km
  country comparison to the world: 157
  Area - comparative:
  slightly smaller than New Jersey
  Land boundaries:
  0 km
  Coastline:
  1,129 km
  Maritime claims:
  territorial sea: 12 nm
  exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
  contiguous zone: 24 nm
  continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
  measured from claimed archipelagic straight baselines
  Climate:
  tropical marine; only slight seasonal temperature variation
  Terrain:
  mostly mountains of volcanic origin
  Elevation:
  0 m lowest point: Pacific Ocean
  1324 highest point: Tomanivi
  Natural resources:
  timber, fish, gold, copper, offshore oil potential, hydropower
  Land use:
  agricultural land: 23.3% (2011 est.)
  arable land: 9% (2011 est.) / permanent crops: 4.7% (2011 est.) / permanent pasture: 9.6% (2011 est.)
  forest: 55.7% (2011 est.)
  other: 21% (2011 est.)
  Irrigated land:
  40 sq km (2012)
  Population distribution:
  approximately 70% of the population lives on the island of Viti Levu; roughly half of the population lives in urban areas
  Natural hazards:
  cyclonic storms can occur from November to January
  Environment - current issues:
  the widespread practice of waste incineration is a major contributor to air pollution in the country, as are vehicle emissions in urban areas; deforestation and soil erosion are significant problems; a contributory factor to erosion is clearing of land by bush burning, a widespread practie that threatens biodiversity
  Environment - international agreements:
  party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands
  signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
  Geography - note:
  includes 332 islands; approximately 110 are inhabited
- People and Society :: Fiji
- Population:
  926,276 (July 2018 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 161
  Nationality:
  noun: Fijian(s)
  adjective: Fijian
  Ethnic groups:
  iTaukei 56.8% (predominantly Melanesian with a Polynesian admixture), Indian 37.5%, Rotuman 1.2%, other 4.5% (European, part European, other Pacific Islanders, Chinese) (2007 est.)

  note: a 2010 law replaces 'Fijian' with 'iTaukei' when referring to the original and native settlers of Fiji

  Languages:
  English (official), Fijian (official), Hindustani
  Religions:
  Protestant 45% (Methodist 34.6%, Assembly of God 5.7%, Seventh Day Adventist 3.9%, and Anglican 0.8%), Hindu 27.9%, other Christian 10.4%, Roman Catholic 9.1%, Muslim 6.3%, Sikh 0.3%, other 0.3%, none 0.8% (2007 est.)
  Age structure:
  0-14 years: 27.45% (male 129,962 /female 124,305)
  15-24 years: 15.91% (male 75,165 /female 72,219)
  25-54 years: 41.05% (male 194,743 /female 185,469)
  55-64 years: 8.79% (male 41,286 /female 40,167)
  65 years and over: 6.8% (male 28,924 /female 34,036) (2018 est.)
  population pyramid:
  The World Factbook Field Image Modal
  Australia - Oceania :: Fiji Print
  Image Description
  This is the population pyramid for Fiji. A population pyramid illustrates the age and sex structure of a country's population and may provide insights about political and social stability, as well as economic development. The population is distributed along the horizontal axis, with males shown on the left and females on the right. The male and female populations are broken down into 5-year age groups represented as horizontal bars along the vertical axis, with the youngest age groups at the bottom and the oldest at the top. The shape of the population pyramid gradually evolves over time based on fertility, mortality, and international migration trends.
  For additional information, please see the entry for Population pyramid on the Definitions and Notes page under the References tab.
  Dependency ratios:
  total dependency ratio: 52.8 (2015 est.)
  youth dependency ratio: 43.9 (2015 est.)
  elderly dependency ratio: 8.9 (2015 est.)
  potential support ratio: 11.2 (2015 est.)
  Median age:
  total: 29.2 years
  male: 29 years
  female: 29.4 years (2018 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 126
  Population growth rate:
  0.56% (2018 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 151
  Birth rate:
  18.2 births/1,000 population (2018 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 91
  Death rate:
  6.2 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 156
  Net migration rate:
  -6.5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2017 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 200
  Population distribution:
  approximately 70% of the population lives on the island of Viti Levu; roughly half of the population lives in urban areas
  Urbanization:
  urban population: 56.2% of total population (2018)
  rate of urbanization: 1.62% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)
  Major urban areas - population:
  178,000 SUVA (capital) (2018)
  Sex ratio:
  at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female (2017 est.)
  0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female (2017 est.)
  15-24 years: 1.04 male(s)/female (2017 est.)
  25-54 years: 1.05 male(s)/female (2017 est.)
  55-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female (2017 est.)
  65 years and over: 0.85 male(s)/female (2017 est.)
  total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2017 est.)
  Maternal mortality rate:
  30 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 113
  Infant mortality rate:
  total: 9.3 deaths/1,000 live births (2018 est.)
  male: 10.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2018 est.)
  female: 8.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2018 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 142
  Life expectancy at birth:
  total population: 73.2 years (2018 est.)
  male: 70.5 years (2018 est.)
  female: 76 years (2018 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 141
  Total fertility rate:
  2.37 children born/woman (2018 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 82
  Health expenditures:
  4.5% of GDP (2014)
  country comparison to the world: 156
  Physicians density:
  0.84 physicians/1,000 population (2015)
  Hospital bed density:
  2.3 beds/1,000 population (2011)
  Drinking water source:
  improved: urban: 99.5% of population
  rural: 91.2% of population
  total: 95.7% of population
  unimproved: urban: 0.5% of population
  rural: 8.8% of population
  total: 4.3% of population (2015 est.)
  Sanitation facility access:
  improved: urban: 93.4% of population (2015 est.)
  rural: 88.4% of population (2015 est.)
  total: 91.1% of population (2015 est.)
  unimproved: urban: 6.6% of population (2015 est.)
  rural: 11.6% of population (2015 est.)
  total: 8.9% of population (2015 est.)
  HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
  0.1% (2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 111
  HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
  <1000 (2016 est.)
  HIV/AIDS - deaths:
  <100 (2016 est.)
  Major infectious diseases:

  note: active local transmission of Zika virus by Aedes species mosquitoes has been identified in this country (as of August 2016); it poses an important risk (a large number of cases possible) among US citizens if bitten by an infective mosquito; other less common ways to get Zika are through sex, via blood transfusion, or during pregnancy, in which the pregnant woman passes Zika virus to her fetus

  Obesity - adult prevalence rate:
  30.2% (2016)
  country comparison to the world: 24
  Education expenditures:
  3.9% of GDP (2013)
  country comparison to the world: 113
  Unemployment, youth ages 15-24:
  total: 15.4% (2016 est.)
  male: 11.9% (2016 est.)
  female: 22.4% (2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 85
- Government :: Fiji
- Country name:
  conventional long form: Republic of Fiji
  conventional short form: Fiji
  local long form: Republic of Fiji/Matanitu ko Viti
  local short form: Fiji/Viti
  etymology: the Fijians called their home Viti, but the neighboring Tongans called it Fisi, and in the Anglicized spelling of the Tongan pronunciation - promulgated by explorer Captain James COOK - the designation became Fiji
  Government type:
  parliamentary republic
  Capital:
  name: Suva (on Viti Levu)
  geographic coordinates: 18 08 S, 178 25 E
  time difference: UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
  daylight saving time: +1hr, begins first Sunday in November; ends second Sunday in January
  Administrative divisions:
  14 provinces and 1 dependency*; Ba, Bua, Cakaudrove, Kadavu, Lau, Lomaiviti, Macuata, Nadroga and Navosa, Naitasiri, Namosi, Ra, Rewa, Rotuma*, Serua, Tailevu
  Independence:
  10 October 1970 (from the UK)
  National holiday:
  Fiji (Independence) Day, 10 October (1970)
  Constitution:
  several previous; latest signed into law September 2013 (2017)
  Legal system:
  common law system based on the English model
  International law organization participation:
  has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
  Citizenship:
  citizenship by birth: no
  citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Fiji
  dual citizenship recognized: yes
  residency requirement for naturalization: at least 5 years residency out of the 10 years preceding application
  Suffrage:
  18 years of age; universal
  Judicial branch:
  highest courts: Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice, all justices of the Court of Appeal, and judges appointed specifically as Supreme Court judges); Court of Appeal (consists of the court president, all puisne judges of the High Court, and judges specifically appointed to the Court of Appeal); High Court (chaired by the chief justice and includes a minimum of 10 puisne judges; High Court organized into civil, criminal, family, employment, and tax divisions)
  judge selection and term of office: chief justice appointed by the president of Fiji on the advice of the prime minister following consultation with the parliamentary leader of the opposition; judges of the Supreme Court, the president of the Court of Appeal, the justices of the Court of Appeal, and puisne judges of the High Court appointed by the president of Fiji upon the nomination of the Judicial Service Commission after consulting with the cabinet minister and the committee of the House of Representatives responsible for the administration of justice; the chief justice, Supreme Court judges and justices of Appeal generally required to retire at age 70 but may be waived for one or more sessions of the court; puisne judges appointed for not less than 4 years nor more than 7 years with mandatory retirement at age 65
  subordinate courts: Magistrates' Court (organized into civil, criminal, juvenile, and small claims divisions)
  Executive branch:
  chief of state: President Jioji Konousi KONROTE (since 12 November 2015)
  head of government: Prime Minister Voreqe "Frank" BAINIMARAMA (since 22 September 2014)
  cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the prime minister from among members of Parliament and is responsible to Parliament
  elections/appointments: president elected by Parliament for a 3-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 31 August 2018 (next to be held in 2021); prime minister appointed by the president
  election results: Jioji Konousi KONROTE reelected president (unopposed)
  Legislative branch:
  description: unicameral Parliament (51 seats; members directly elected in a nationwide, multi-seat constituency by open-list proportional representation vote to serve 4-year terms)
  elections: last held on 14 November 2018 (next to be held in 2022)
  election results: percent of vote by party - FijiFirst 50%, SODELPA 39.6%, NFP 7.4%; seats by party - FijiFirst 27, SODELPA 21, NFP 3; composition - men 41, women 10, percent of women 19.6%
  Political parties and leaders:
  FijiFirst [Veroqe "Frank" BAINIMARAMA]
  Fiji Labor Party or FLP [Mahendra CHAUDHRY]
  Fiji United Freedon Party or FUFP [Jagath KARUNARATNE]
  National Federation Party or NFP [Biman PRASAD] (primarily Indian)
  Peoples Democratic Party or PDP [Lynda TABUYA]
  Social Democratic Liberal Party or SODELPA
  Unity Fiji [Adi QORO]
  International organization participation:
  ACP, ADB, AOSIS, C, CP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, OPCW, PCA, PIF, Sparteca (suspended), SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNDOF, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMISS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
  Diplomatic representation in the US:
  chief of mission: Ambassador Solo MARA (since 28 January 2016)
  chancery: 2000 M Street NW, Suite 710, Washington, DC 20036
  telephone: [1] (202) 466-8320
  FAX: [1] (202) 466-8325
  Diplomatic representation from the US:
  chief of mission: Ambassador Judith CEFKIN (since 3 February 2015); note - also accredited to Kiribati, Nauru, Tonga, and Tuvalu
  embassy: 158 Princes Rd, Tamavua
  mailing address: P. O. Box 218, Suva
  telephone: [679] 331-4466
  FAX: [679] 330-8685
  Flag description:
  light blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Fijian shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the blue symbolizes the Pacific Ocean and the Union Jack reflects the links with Great Britain; the shield - taken from Fiji's coat of arms - depicts a yellow lion, holding a coconut pod between its paws, above a white field quartered by the cross of Saint George; the four quarters depict stalks of sugarcane, a palm tree, a banana bunch, and a white dove of peace
  National symbol(s):
  Fijian canoe; national color: light blue
  National anthem:
  name: God Bless Fiji
  lyrics/music: Michael Francis Alexander PRESCOTT/C. Austin MILES (adapted by Michael Francis Alexander PRESCOTT)

  note: adopted 1970; known in Fijian as "Meda Dau Doka" (Let Us Show Pride); adapted from the hymn, "Dwelling in Beulah Land," the anthem's English lyrics are generally sung, although they differ in meaning from the official Fijian lyrics

- Economy :: Fiji
- Economy - overview:

  Fiji, endowed with forest, mineral, and fish resources, is one of the most developed and connected of the Pacific island economies. Earnings from the tourism industry, with an estimated 842,884 tourists visiting in 2017, and remittances from Fijian’s working abroad are the country’s largest foreign exchange earners.

  Bottled water exports to the US is Fiji’s largest domestic export. Fiji's sugar sector remains a significant industry and a major export, but crops and one of the sugar mills suffered damage during Cyclone Winston in 2016. Fiji’s trade imbalance continues to widen with increased imports and sluggish performance of domestic exports.

  The return to parliamentary democracy and successful elections in September 2014 improved investor confidence, but increasing bureaucratic regulation, new taxes, and lack of consultation with relevant stakeholders brought four consecutive years of decline for Fiji on the World Bank Ease of Doing Business index. Private sector investment in 2017 approached 20% of GDP, compared to 13% in 2013.

  GDP (purchasing power parity):
  $8.629 billion (2017 est.)
  $8.376 billion (2016 est.)
  $8.321 billion (2015 est.)

  note: data are in 2017 dollars

  country comparison to the world: 163
  GDP (official exchange rate):
  $4.891 billion (2017 est.) (2017 est.)
  GDP - real growth rate:
  3% (2017 est.)
  0.7% (2016 est.)
  3.8% (2015 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 113
  GDP - per capita (PPP):
  $9,800 (2017 est.)
  $9,600 (2016 est.)
  $9,600 (2015 est.)

  note: data are in 2017 dollars

  country comparison to the world: 140
  Gross national saving:
  12.7% of GDP (2017 est.)
  13.4% of GDP (2016 est.)
  16.1% of GDP (2015 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 146
  GDP - composition, by end use:
  household consumption: 81.3% (2017 est.)
  government consumption: 24.4% (2017 est.)
  investment in fixed capital: 16.9% (2017 est.)
  investment in inventories: 0% (2017 est.)
  exports of goods and services: 29% (2017 est.)
  imports of goods and services: -51.6% (2017 est.)
  GDP - composition, by sector of origin:
  agriculture: 13.5% (2017 est.)
  industry: 17.4% (2017 est.)
  services: 69.1% (2017 est.)
  Agriculture - products:
  sugarcane, copra, ginger, tropical fruits, vegetables; beef, pork, chicken, fish
  Industries:
  tourism, sugar processing, clothing, copra, gold, silver, lumber
  Industrial production growth rate:
  2.8% (2017 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 108
  Labor force:
  353,100 (2017 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 161
  Labor force - by occupation:
  agriculture: 44.2%
  industry: 14.3%
  services: 41.6% (2011)
  Unemployment rate:
  4.5% (2017 est.)
  5.5% (2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 63
  Population below poverty line:
  31% (2009 est.)
  Household income or consumption by percentage share:
  lowest 10%: 34.9% (2009 est.)
  highest 10%: 34.9% (2009 est.)
  Budget:
  revenues: 1.454 billion (2017 est.)
  expenditures: 1.648 billion (2017 est.)
  Taxes and other revenues:
  29.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 80
  Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):
  -4% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 157
  Public debt:
  48.9% of GDP (2017 est.)
  47.5% of GDP (2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 106
  Fiscal year:
  calendar year
  Inflation rate (consumer prices):
  3.4% (2017 est.)
  3.9% (2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 140
  Central bank discount rate:
  1.75% (31 December 2010)
  3% (31 December 2009)
  country comparison to the world: 122
  Commercial bank prime lending rate:
  5.74% (31 December 2017 est.)
  5.85% (31 December 2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 129
  Stock of narrow money:
  $2.272 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
  $1.994 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 132
  Stock of broad money:
  $2.272 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
  $1.994 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 140
  Stock of domestic credit:
  $3.607 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
  $3.295 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 135
  Market value of publicly traded shares:
  $452.5 million (31 December 2012 est.)
  $392.2 million (31 December 2011 est.)
  $418.8 million (31 December 2010 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 113
  Current account balance:
  -$277 million (2017 est.)
  -$131 million (2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 101
  Exports:
  $908.2 million (2017 est.)
  $709 million (2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 164
  Exports - partners:
  US 20.8%, Australia 14.9%, NZ 7.7%, Tonga 5%, Vanuatu 4.6%, China 4.5%, Spain 4.3%, UK 4.3%, Kiribati 4.1% (2017)
  Exports - commodities:
  fuel, including oil, fish, beverages, gems, sugar, garments, gold, timber, fish, molasses, coconut oil, mineral water
  Imports:
  $1.911 billion (2017 est.)
  $1.761 billion (2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 168
  Imports - commodities:
  manufactured goods, machinery and transport equipment, petroleum products, food and beverages, chemicals, tobacco
  Imports - partners:
  Australia 19.2%, NZ 17.2%, Singapore 17%, China 13.8% (2017)
  Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
  $1.116 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
  $908.6 million (31 December 2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 130
  Debt - external:
  $1.022 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
  $696.4 million (31 December 2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 166
  Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
  $4.342 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
  $4.022 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 108
  Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
  $117.1 million (31 December 2017 est.)
  $115.1 million (31 December 2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 110
  Exchange rates:
  Fijian dollars (FJD) per US dollar -
  2.075 (2017 est.)
  2.0947 (2016 est.)
  2.0947 (2015 est.)
  2.0976 (2014 est.)
  1.8874 (2013 est.)
- Energy :: Fiji
- Electricity access:
  population without electricity: 375,274 (2012)
  electrification - total population: 59% (2012)
  electrification - urban areas: 72% (2012)
  electrification - rural areas: 45% (2012)
  Electricity - production:
  914 million kWh (2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 155
  Electricity - consumption:
  850 million kWh (2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 159
  Electricity - exports:
  0 kWh (2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 135
  Electricity - imports:
  0 kWh (2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 149
  Electricity - installed generating capacity:
  338,000 kW (2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 154
  Electricity - from fossil fuels:
  34% of total installed capacity (2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 181
  Electricity - from nuclear fuels:
  0% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 91
  Electricity - from hydroelectric plants:
  38% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 55
  Electricity - from other renewable sources:
  27% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 24
  Crude oil - production:
  0 bbl/day (2017 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 136
  Crude oil - exports:
  0 bbl/day (2015 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 124
  Crude oil - imports:
  0 bbl/day (2015 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 128
  Crude oil - proved reserves:
  0 bbl (1 January 2018 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 132
  Refined petroleum products - production:
  0 bbl/day (2015 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 146
  Refined petroleum products - consumption:
  16,000 bbl/day (2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 151
  Refined petroleum products - exports:
  0 bbl/day (2015 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 156
  Refined petroleum products - imports:
  17,460 bbl/day (2015 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 131
  Natural gas - production:
  0 cu m (2017 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 133
  Natural gas - consumption:
  0 cu m (2017 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 147
  Natural gas - exports:
  0 cu m (2017 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 105
  Natural gas - imports:
  0 cu m (2017 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 126
  Natural gas - proved reserves:
  0 cu m (1 January 2014 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 136
  Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy:
  2.369 million Mt (2017 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 155
- Communications :: Fiji
- Telephones - fixed lines:
  total subscriptions: 75,952 (2017 est.)
  subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 8 (2017 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 147
  Telephones - mobile cellular:
  total subscriptions: 1,033,915 (2017 est.)
  subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 112 (2017 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 159
  Telephone system:
  general assessment: modern local, interisland, and international (wire/radio integrated) public and special-purpose telephone, telegraph, and teleprinter facilities; regional radio communications center; subject to occasional devastating cyclones; Fiji is a leader in the Pacific region in terms of development of its ICT sector and investment in telecoms infrastructure; initial progress towards 5G readiness (2017)
  domestic: telephone or radio telephone links to almost all inhabited islands; most towns and large villages have automatic telephone exchanges and direct dialing; fixed-line 8 per 100 persons and mobile-cellular teledensity roughly 112 per 100 persons (2017)
  international: country code - 679; access to important cable links between US and Canada, as well as between NZ and Australia; satellite earth stations - 2 Inmarsat (Pacific Ocean); 2018 Fijian government to implement cable to connect the two major islands via submarine cable system (2017)
  Broadcast media:
  Fiji TV, a publicly traded company, operates a free-to-air channel; Digicel Fiji operates the Sky Fiji and Sky Pacific multi-channel pay-TV services; state-owned commercial company, Fiji Broadcasting Corporation, Ltd, operates 6 radio stations - 2 public broadcasters and 4 commercial broadcasters with multiple repeaters; 5 radio stations with repeaters operated by Communications Fiji, Ltd; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters are available (2017)
  Internet country code:
  .fj
  Internet users:
  total: 425,680 (July 2016 est.)
  percent of population: 46.5% (July 2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 152
  Broadband - fixed subscriptions:
  total: 12,135 (2017 est.)
  subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 1 (2017 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 167
- Transportation :: Fiji
- National air transport system:
  number of registered air carriers: 2 (2015)
  inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 12 (2015)
  annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 1,336,976 (2015)
  annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: 83,686,504 mt-km (2015)
  Civil aircraft registration country code prefix:
  DQ (2016)
  Airports:
  28 (2013)
  country comparison to the world: 121
  Airports - with paved runways:
  total: 4 (2017)
  over 3,047 m: 1 (2017)
  1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2017)
  914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2017)
  Airports - with unpaved runways:
  total: 24 (2013)
  914 to 1,523 m: 5 (2013)
  under 914 m: 19 (2013)
  Railways:
  total: 597 km (2008)
  narrow gauge: 597 km 0.600-m gauge (2008)

  note: belongs to the government-owned Fiji Sugar Corporation; used to haul sugarcane during the harvest season, which runs from May to December

  country comparison to the world: 109
  Roadways:
  total: 3,440 km (2011)
  paved: 1,686 km (2011)
  unpaved: 1,754 km (2011)
  country comparison to the world: 163
  Waterways:
  203 km (122 km are navigable by motorized craft and 200-metric-ton barges) (2012)
  country comparison to the world: 97
  Merchant marine:
  total: 68 (2017)
  by type: bulk carrier 6, general cargo 25, oil tanker 2, other 35 (2017)
  country comparison to the world: 103
  Ports and terminals:
  major seaport(s): Lautoka, Levuka, Suva
- Military and Security :: Fiji
- Military expenditures:
  0.98% of GDP (2016)
  1.07% of GDP (2015)
  1.03% of GDP (2014)
  1.39% of GDP (2013)
  1.49% of GDP (2012)
  country comparison to the world: 116
  Military branches:
  Republic of Fiji Military Forces (RFMF): Land Forces, Naval Forces (2011)
  Military service age and obligation:
  18 years of age for voluntary military service; mandatory retirement at age 55 (2013)
- Transnational Issues :: Fiji
- Disputes - international:
  none