Africa :: Equatorial Guinea

- Introduction :: Equatorial Guinea
- Background:
  Equatorial Guinea gained independence in 1968 after 190 years of Spanish rule; it is one of the smallest countries in Africa consisting of a mainland territory and five inhabited islands. The capital of Malabo is located on the island of Bioko, approximately 25 km from the Cameroonian coastline in the Gulf of Guinea. Between 1968 and 1979, autocratic President Francisco MACIAS NGUEMA virtually destroyed all of the country's political, economic, and social institutions before being deposed by his nephew Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO in a coup. President OBIANG has ruled since October 1979 and was reelected in 2016. Although nominally a constitutional democracy since 1991, presidential and legislative elections since 1996 have generally been labeled as flawed. The president exerts almost total control over the political system and has placed legal and bureaucratic barriers that prevent political opposition. Equatorial Guinea has experienced rapid economic growth due to the discovery of large offshore oil reserves, and in the last decade has become Sub-Saharan Africa's third largest oil exporter. Despite the country's economic windfall from oil production, resulting in a massive increase in government revenue in recent years, the drop in global oil prices has placed significant strain on the state budget. Equatorial Guinea continues to seek to diversify its economy and to increase foreign investment despite limited improvements in the population's living standards. Equatorial Guinea is the host of major regional and international conferences and continues to seek a greater role in regional affairs.
- Geography :: Equatorial Guinea
- Location:
  Central Africa, bordering the Bight of Biafra, between Cameroon and Gabon
  Geographic coordinates:
  2 00 N, 10 00 E
  Map references:
  Africa
  Area:
  total: 28,051 sq km
  land: 28,051 sq km
  water: 0 sq km
  country comparison to the world: 146
  Area - comparative:
  slightly smaller than Maryland
  Land boundaries:
  total: 528 km
  border countries (2): Cameroon 183 km, Gabon 345 km
  Coastline:
  296 km
  Maritime claims:
  territorial sea: 12 nm
  exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
  Climate:
  tropical; always hot, humid
  Terrain:
  coastal plains rise to interior hills; islands are volcanic
  Elevation:
  mean elevation: 577 m
  elevation extremes: 0 m lowest point: Atlantic Ocean
  3008 highest point: Pico Basile
  Natural resources:
  petroleum, natural gas, timber, gold, bauxite, diamonds, tantalum, sand and gravel, clay
  Land use:
  agricultural land: 10.1% (2011 est.)
  arable land: 4.3% (2011 est.) / permanent crops: 2.1% (2011 est.) / permanent pasture: 3.7% (2011 est.)
  forest: 57.5% (2011 est.)
  other: 32.4% (2011 est.)
  Irrigated land:
  NA
  Population distribution:
  only two large cities over 30,000 people (Bata on the mainland, and the capital Malabo on the island of Bioko); small communities are scattered throughout the mainland and the five inhabited islands
  Natural hazards:

  violent windstorms; flash floods

  volcanism: Santa Isabel (3,007 m), which last erupted in 1923, is the country's only historically active volcano; Santa Isabel, along with two dormant volcanoes, form Bioko Island in the Gulf of Guinea

  Environment - current issues:
  deforestation (forests are threatened by agricultural expansion, fires, and grazing); desertification; water pollution (tap water is non-potable); wildlife preservation
  Environment - international agreements:
  party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
  signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
  Geography - note:
  insular and continental regions widely separated; despite its name, no part of the Equator passes through Equatorial Guinea; the mainland part of the country is located just north of the Equator
- People and Society :: Equatorial Guinea
- Population:
  797,457 (July 2018 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 164
  Nationality:
  noun: Equatorial Guinean(s) or Equatoguinean(s)
  adjective: Equatorial Guinean or Equatoguinean
  Ethnic groups:
  Fang 85.7%, Bubi 6.5%, Mdowe 3.6%, Annobon 1.6%, Bujeba 1.1%, other 1.4% (1994 census)
  Languages:
  Spanish (official) 67.6%, other (includes French (official), Fang, Bubi) 32.4% (1994 census)
  Religions:
  nominally Christian and predominantly Roman Catholic, pagan practices
  Demographic profile:

  Equatorial Guinea is one of the smallest and least populated countries in continental Africa and is the only independent African country where Spanish is an official language. Despite a boom in oil production in the 1990s, authoritarianism, corruption, and resource mismanagement have concentrated the benefits among a small elite. These practices have perpetuated income inequality and unbalanced development, such as low public spending on education and health care. Unemployment remains problematic because the oil-dominated economy employs a small labor force dependent on skilled foreign workers. The agricultural sector, Equatorial Guinea’s main employer, continues to deteriorate because of a lack of investment and the migration of rural workers to urban areas. About three-quarters of the population lives below the poverty line.

  Equatorial Guinea’s large and growing youth population – about 60% are under the age of 25 – is particularly affected because job creation in the non-oil sectors is limited, and young people often do not have the skills needed in the labor market. Equatorial Guinean children frequently enter school late, have poor attendance, and have high dropout rates. Thousands of Equatorial Guineans fled across the border to Gabon in the 1970s to escape the dictatorship of MACIAS NGUEMA; smaller numbers have followed in the decades since. Continued inequitable economic growth and high youth unemployment increases the likelihood of ethnic and regional violence.

  Age structure:
  0-14 years: 39.46% (male 159,814 /female 154,860)
  15-24 years: 19.8% (male 80,368 /female 77,515)
  25-54 years: 32.34% (male 129,248 /female 128,664)
  55-64 years: 4.46% (male 15,428 /female 20,176)
  65 years and over: 3.94% (male 13,000 /female 18,384) (2018 est.)
  population pyramid:
  The World Factbook Field Image Modal
  Africa :: Equatorial Guinea Print
  Image Description
  This is the population pyramid for Equatorial Guinea. A population pyramid illustrates the age and sex structure of a country's population and may provide insights about political and social stability, as well as economic development. The population is distributed along the horizontal axis, with males shown on the left and females on the right. The male and female populations are broken down into 5-year age groups represented as horizontal bars along the vertical axis, with the youngest age groups at the bottom and the oldest at the top. The shape of the population pyramid gradually evolves over time based on fertility, mortality, and international migration trends.
  For additional information, please see the entry for Population pyramid on the Definitions and Notes page under the References tab.
  Dependency ratios:
  total dependency ratio: 67.5 (2015 est.)
  youth dependency ratio: 62.7 (2015 est.)
  elderly dependency ratio: 4.8 (2015 est.)
  potential support ratio: 20.6 (2015 est.)
  Median age:
  total: 19.9 years
  male: 19.5 years
  female: 20.4 years (2018 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 193
  Population growth rate:
  2.41% (2018 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 26
  Birth rate:
  31.7 births/1,000 population (2018 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 31
  Death rate:
  7.6 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 102
  Net migration rate:
  0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2017 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 81
  Population distribution:
  only two large cities over 30,000 people (Bata on the mainland, and the capital Malabo on the island of Bioko); small communities are scattered throughout the mainland and the five inhabited islands
  Urbanization:
  urban population: 72.1% of total population (2018)
  rate of urbanization: 4.28% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)
  Major urban areas - population:
  297,000 MALABO (capital) (2018)
  Sex ratio:
  at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female (2017 est.)
  0-14 years: 1.03 male(s)/female (2017 est.)
  15-24 years: 1.04 male(s)/female (2017 est.)
  25-54 years: 1 male(s)/female (2017 est.)
  55-64 years: 0.76 male(s)/female (2017 est.)
  65 years and over: 0.72 male(s)/female (2017 est.)
  total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2017 est.)
  Maternal mortality rate:
  342 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 37
  Infant mortality rate:
  total: 63.3 deaths/1,000 live births (2018 est.)
  male: 64.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2018 est.)
  female: 62.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2018 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 12
  Life expectancy at birth:
  total population: 65 years (2018 est.)
  male: 63.8 years (2018 est.)
  female: 66.2 years (2018 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 183
  Total fertility rate:
  4.29 children born/woman (2018 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 27
  Contraceptive prevalence rate:
  12.6% (2011)
  Health expenditures:
  3.8% of GDP (2014)
  country comparison to the world: 165
  Hospital bed density:
  2.1 beds/1,000 population (2010)
  Drinking water source:
  improved: urban: 72.5% of population
  rural: 31.5% of population
  total: 47.9% of population
  unimproved: urban: 27.5% of population
  rural: 68.5% of population
  total: 52.1% of population (2015 est.)
  Sanitation facility access:
  improved: urban: 79.9% of population (2015 est.)
  rural: 71% of population (2015 est.)
  total: 74.5% of population (2015 est.)
  unimproved: urban: 20.1% of population (2015 est.)
  rural: 29% of population (2015 est.)
  total: 25.5% of population (2015 est.)
  HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
  6.5% (2017 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 10
  HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
  53,000 (2017 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 58
  HIV/AIDS - deaths:
  1,900 (2017 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 52
  Major infectious diseases:
  degree of risk: very high (2016)
  food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever (2016)
  vectorborne diseases: malaria and dengue fever (2016)
  animal contact diseases: rabies (2016)
  Obesity - adult prevalence rate:
  8% (2016)
  country comparison to the world: 156
  Children under the age of 5 years underweight:
  5.6% (2010)
  country comparison to the world: 79
  Literacy:
  definition: age 15 and over can read and write (2015 est.)
  total population: 95.3% (2015 est.)
  male: 97.4% (2015 est.)
  female: 93% (2015 est.)
- Government :: Equatorial Guinea
- Country name:
  conventional long form: Republic of Equatorial Guinea
  conventional short form: Equatorial Guinea
  local long form: Republica de Guinea Ecuatorial/Republique de Guinee Equatoriale
  local short form: Guinea Ecuatorial/Guinee Equatoriale
  former: Spanish Guinea
  etymology: the country is named for the Guinea region of West Africa that lies along the Gulf of Guinea and stretches north to the Sahel; the "equatorial" refers to the fact that the country lies just north of the Equator
  Government type:
  presidential republic
  Capital:
  name: Malabo; note - a new capital of Oyala is being built on the mainland near Djibloho; Malabo is on the island of Bioko
  geographic coordinates: 3 45 N, 8 47 E
  time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
  Administrative divisions:
  7 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia); Annobon, Bioko Norte, Bioko Sur, Centro Sur, Kie-Ntem, Litoral, Wele-Nzas
  Independence:
  12 October 1968 (from Spain)
  National holiday:
  Independence Day, 12 October (1968)
  Constitution:
  history: previous 1968, 1973, 1982; approved by referendum 17 November 1991 (2017)
  amendments: proposed by the president of the republic or supported by three-fourths of the membership in either house of the National Assembly; passage requires three-fourths majority vote by both houses of the Assembly and approval in a referendum if requested by the president; amended several times, last in 2012 (2017)
  Legal system:
  mixed system of civil and customary law
  International law organization participation:
  accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
  Citizenship:
  citizenship by birth: no
  citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Equatorial Guinea
  dual citizenship recognized: no
  residency requirement for naturalization: 10 years
  Suffrage:
  18 years of age; universal
  Judicial branch:
  highest courts: Supreme Court of Justice (consists of the chief justice - who is also chief of state - and 9 judges and organized into civil, criminal, commercial, labor, administrative, and customary sections); Constitutional Court (consists of the court president and 4 members)
  judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges appointed by the president for 5-year terms; Constitutional Court members appointed by the president, 2 of which are nominated by the Chamber of Deputies
  subordinate courts: Court of Guarantees; military courts; Courts of Appeal; first instance tribunals; district and county tribunals
  Executive branch:
  chief of state: President Brig. Gen. (Ret.) Teodoro OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo (since 3 August 1979 when he seized power in a military coup); Vice President Teodoro OBIANG Nguema Mangue(since 2012)
  head of government: Prime Minister Francisco Pascual Eyegue OBAMA Asue (since 23 June 2016); First Deputy Prime Minister Clemente Engonga NGUEMA Onguene (since 23 June 2016); Second Deputy Prime Minister Andres Jorge Mbomio Nsem ABUA (since 23 June 2016); Third Deputy Prime Minister Alfonso Nsue MOKUY (since 23 June 2016)
  cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president
  elections/appointments: president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 7-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 24 April 2016 (next to be held in 2023); prime minister and deputy prime ministers appointed by the president
  election results: Teodoro OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo reelected president; percent of vote - Teodoro OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo (PDGE) 93.5%, other 6.5%
  Legislative branch:
  description: bicameral National Assembly or Asemblea Nacional consists of:
  Senate or Senado (70 seats; 55 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by closed party-list proportional representation vote and 15 appointed by the president)
  Chamber of Deputies or Camara de los Diputados (100 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by closed paryt-list proportional representation vote to serve 5-year terms)
  elections:
  Senate - last held on 12 November 2017 (next to be held in 2022)
  Chamber of Deputies - last held on 12 November 2017 (next to be held in 2022)
  election results:
  Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PDGE 75; composition - men 60, women 10, percent of women 14.3%
  Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PDGE 99, CI 1; composition - men 78, women 22, percent of women 22%; note - total National Assembly percent of women 18.8%
  Political parties and leaders:
  Convergence Party for Social Democracy or CPDS [Andres ESONO ONDO]
  Democratic Party for Equatorial Guinea or PDGE [Teodoro OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo]
  Electoral Coalition or EC
  Front of Democratic Opposiiton or FOD (coalition includes CPDS, FDR, UP)
  Popular Action of Equatorial Guinea or APGE [Carmelo MBA BACALE]
  Popular Union or UP [Daniel MARTINEZ AYECABA]
  not officially registered parties: Democratic Republican Force or FDR [Guillermo NGUEMA ELA];
  Citizens for Innovation or CI [Gabriel Nse Obiang OBONO];
  Party for Progress of Equatorial Guinea or PPGE [Severo MOTO];
  Union for the Center Right or UDC [Avelino MOCACHE MEAENGA]
  International organization participation:
  ACP, AfDB, AU, BDEAC, CEMAC, CPLP (associate), FAO, FZ, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ITSO, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OAS (observer), OIF, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UN Security Council (temporary), UNWTO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WTO (observer)
  Diplomatic representation in the US:
  chief of mission: Ambassador Miguel Ntutumu EVUNA ANDEME (since 23 February 2015)
  chancery: 2020 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009
  telephone: [1] (202) 518-5700
  FAX: [1] (202) 518-5252
  consulate(s) general: Houston
  Diplomatic representation from the US:
  chief of mission: Ambassador Julie FURUTA-TOY (since January 2016)
  embassy: Carretera Malabo II, Malabo, Guinea Ecuatorial
  mailing address: US Embassy Malabo, US Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-2520
  telephone: [240] 333 09 57 41
  Flag description:
  three equal horizontal bands of green (top), white, and red, with a blue isosceles triangle based on the hoist side and the coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of arms has six yellow six-pointed stars (representing the mainland and five offshore islands) above a gray shield bearing a silk-cotton tree and below which is a scroll with the motto UNIDAD, PAZ, JUSTICIA (Unity, Peace, Justice); green symbolizes the jungle and natural resources, blue represents the sea that connects the mainland to the islands, white stands for peace, and red recalls the fight for independence
  National symbol(s):
  silk cotton tree; national colors: green, white, red, blue
  National anthem:
  name: "Caminemos pisando la senda" (Let Us Tread the Path)
  lyrics/music: Atanasio Ndongo MIYONO/Atanasio Ndongo MIYONO or Ramiro Sanchez LOPEZ (disputed)

  note: adopted 1968

- Economy :: Equatorial Guinea
- Economy - overview:

  Exploitation of oil and gas deposits, beginning in the 1990s, has driven economic growth in Equatorial Guinea; a recent rebasing of GDP resulted in an upward revision of the size of the economy by approximately 30%. Forestry and farming are minor components of GDP. Although preindependence Equatorial Guinea counted on cocoa production for hard currency earnings, the neglect of the rural economy since independence has diminished the potential for agriculture-led growth. Subsistence farming is the dominant form of livelihood. Declining revenue from hydrocarbon production, high levels of infrastructure expenditures, lack of economic diversification, and corruption have pushed the economy into decline in recent years and limited improvements in the general population’s living conditions. Equatorial Guinea’s real GDP growth has been weak in recent years, averaging -0.5% per year from 2010 to 2014, because of a declining hydrocarbon sector. Inflation remained very low in 2016, down from an average of 4% in 2014.

  As a middle income country, Equatorial Guinea is now ineligible for most low-income World Bank and the IMF funding. The government has been widely criticized for its lack of transparency and misuse of oil revenues and has attempted to address this issue by working toward compliance with the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative. US foreign assistance to Equatorial Guinea is limited in part because of US restrictions pursuant to the Trafficking Victims Protection Act.

  Equatorial Guinea hosted two economic diversification symposia in 2014 that focused on attracting investment in five sectors: agriculture and animal ranching, fishing, mining and petrochemicals, tourism, and financial services. Undeveloped mineral resources include gold, zinc, diamonds, columbite-tantalite, and other base metals. In 2017 Equatorial Guinea signed a preliminary agreement with Ghana to sell liquefied natural gas (LNG); as oil production wanes, the government believes LNG could provide a boost to revenues, but it will require large investments and long lead times to develop.

  GDP (purchasing power parity):
  $31.52 billion (2017 est.)
  $32.57 billion (2016 est.)
  $35.62 billion (2015 est.)

  note: data are in 2017 dollars

  country comparison to the world: 130
  GDP (official exchange rate):
  $12.49 billion (2017 est.) (2017 est.)
  GDP - real growth rate:
  -3.2% (2017 est.)
  -8.6% (2016 est.)
  -9.1% (2015 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 213
  GDP - per capita (PPP):
  $37,400 (2017 est.)
  $39,700 (2016 est.)
  $44,600 (2015 est.)

  note: data are in 2017 dollars

  country comparison to the world: 52
  Gross national saving:
  6.1% of GDP (2017 est.)
  3.6% of GDP (2016 est.)
  8.5% of GDP (2015 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 173
  GDP - composition, by end use:
  household consumption: 50% (2017 est.)
  government consumption: 21.8% (2017 est.)
  investment in fixed capital: 10.2% (2017 est.)
  investment in inventories: 0.1% (2017 est.)
  exports of goods and services: 56.9% (2017 est.)
  imports of goods and services: -39% (2017 est.)
  GDP - composition, by sector of origin:
  agriculture: 2.5% (2017 est.)
  industry: 54.6% (2017 est.)
  services: 42.9% (2017 est.)
  Agriculture - products:
  coffee, cocoa, rice, yams, cassava (manioc, tapioca), bananas, palm oil nuts; livestock; timber
  Industries:
  petroleum, natural gas, sawmilling
  Industrial production growth rate:
  -6.9% (2017 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 197
  Labor force:
  195,200 (2007 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 175
  Unemployment rate:
  8.6% (2014 est.)
  22.3% (2009 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 123
  Population below poverty line:
  44% (2011 est.)
  Household income or consumption by percentage share:
  lowest 10%: NA
  highest 10%: NA
  Budget:
  revenues: 2.114 billion (2017 est.)
  expenditures: 2.523 billion (2017 est.)
  Taxes and other revenues:
  16.9% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 173
  Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):
  -3.3% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 141
  Public debt:
  37.4% of GDP (2017 est.)
  43.3% of GDP (2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 139
  Fiscal year:
  calendar year
  Inflation rate (consumer prices):
  0.7% (2017 est.)
  1.4% (2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 37
  Central bank discount rate:
  8.5% (31 December 2010)
  4.25% (31 December 2009)
  country comparison to the world: 37
  Commercial bank prime lending rate:
  15% (31 December 2017 est.)
  14% (31 December 2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 39
  Stock of narrow money:
  $1.51 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
  $1.467 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 142
  Stock of broad money:
  $1.51 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
  $1.467 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 150
  Stock of domestic credit:
  $2.806 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
  $2.254 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 142
  Current account balance:
  -$738 million (2017 est.)
  -$1.457 billion (2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 132
  Exports:
  $6.118 billion (2017 est.)
  $5.042 billion (2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 102
  Exports - partners:
  China 28%, India 11.8%, South Korea 10.3%, Portugal 8.7%, US 6.9%, Spain 4.9% (2017)
  Exports - commodities:
  petroleum products, timber
  Imports:
  $2.577 billion (2017 est.)
  $2.915 billion (2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 156
  Imports - commodities:
  petroleum sector equipment, other equipment, construction materials, vehicles
  Imports - partners:
  Spain 20.5%, China 19.4%, US 13%, Cote dIvoire 6.2%, Netherlands 4.7% (2017)
  Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
  $45.5 million (31 December 2017 est.)
  $62.31 million (31 December 2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 188
  Debt - external:
  $1.211 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
  $1.074 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 163
  Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
  (31 December 2009 est.)
  Exchange rates:
  Cooperation Financiere en Afrique Centrale francs (XAF) per US dollar -
  605.3 (2017 est.)
  593.01 (2016 est.)
  593.01 (2015 est.)
  591.45 (2014 est.)
  494.42 (2013 est.)
- Energy :: Equatorial Guinea
- Electricity access:
  population without electricity: 300,000 (2013)
  electrification - total population: 66% (2013)
  electrification - urban areas: 93% (2013)
  electrification - rural areas: 48% (2013)
  Electricity - production:
  500 million kWh (2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 166
  Electricity - consumption:
  465 million kWh (2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 171
  Electricity - exports:
  0 kWh (2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 130
  Electricity - imports:
  0 kWh (2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 144
  Electricity - installed generating capacity:
  331,000 kW (2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 156
  Electricity - from fossil fuels:
  61% of total installed capacity (2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 127
  Electricity - from nuclear fuels:
  0% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 84
  Electricity - from hydroelectric plants:
  38% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 54
  Electricity - from other renewable sources:
  2% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 140
  Crude oil - production:
  188,300 bbl/day (2017 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 37
  Crude oil - exports:
  308,700 bbl/day (2017 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 26
  Crude oil - imports:
  0 bbl/day (2015 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 121
  Crude oil - proved reserves:
  1.1 billion bbl (1 January 2018 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 40
  Refined petroleum products - production:
  0 bbl/day (2015 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 139
  Refined petroleum products - consumption:
  5,200 bbl/day (2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 176
  Refined petroleum products - exports:
  0 bbl/day (2015 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 150
  Refined petroleum products - imports:
  5,094 bbl/day (2015 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 171
  Natural gas - production:
  6.069 billion cu m (2017 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 46
  Natural gas - consumption:
  1.189 billion cu m (2017 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 91
  Natural gas - exports:
  4.878 billion cu m (2017 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 30
  Natural gas - imports:
  0 cu m (2017 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 120
  Natural gas - proved reserves:
  36.81 billion cu m (1 January 2018 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 66
  Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy:
  3.062 million Mt (2017 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 148
- Communications :: Equatorial Guinea
- Telephones - fixed lines:
  total subscriptions: 10,989 (July 2016 est.)
  subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 1 (July 2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 193
  Telephones - mobile cellular:
  total subscriptions: 575,650 (July 2016 est.)
  subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 74 (July 2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 167
  Telephone system:
  general assessment: digital fixed-line network in most major urban areas and decent mobile cellular coverage; 3G technology has allowed for estimated growth of 9.5% during 2016 -2021; mobile data will be the fastest-growing segment 2016-2021 (2017)
  domestic: fixed-line density is about 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership has been increasing and in 2016 stood at about 70 percent (2017)
  international: country code - 240; international communications from Bata and Malabo to African and European countries; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) (2016)
  Broadcast media:
  state maintains control of broadcast media with domestic broadcast media limited to 1 state-owned TV station, 1 private TV station owned by the president's eldest son, 1 state-owned radio station, and 1 private radio station owned by the president's eldest son; satellite TV service is available; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters are accessible (2013)
  Internet country code:
  .gq
  Internet users:
  total: 180,597 (July 2016 est.)
  percent of population: 23.8% (July 2016 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 172
  Broadband - fixed subscriptions:
  total: 3,382 (2017 est.)
  subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2017 est.)
  country comparison to the world: 181
- Transportation :: Equatorial Guinea
- National air transport system:
  number of registered air carriers: 6 (2015)
  inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 15 (2015)
  annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 400,759 (2015)
  annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: 461,650 mt-km (2015)
  Civil aircraft registration country code prefix:
  3C (2016)
  Airports:
  7 (2013)
  country comparison to the world: 166
  Airports - with paved runways:
  total: 6 (2017)
  over 3,047 m: 1 (2017)
  2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 (2017)
  1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2017)
  under 914 m: 2 (2017)
  Airports - with unpaved runways:
  total: 1 (2013)
  2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2013)
  Pipelines:
  42 km condensate, 5 km condensate/gas, 79 km gas, 71 km oil (2013)
  Roadways:
  total: 2,880 km (2000)
  country comparison to the world: 168
  Merchant marine:
  total: 40 (2017)
  by type: container ship 1, general cargo 7, oil tanker 8, other 24 (2017)
  country comparison to the world: 123
  Ports and terminals:
  major seaport(s): Bata, Luba, Malabo
  LNG terminal(s) (export): Bioko Island
- Military and Security :: Equatorial Guinea
- Military expenditures:
  0.18% of GDP (2016)
  0.78% of GDP (2014)
  country comparison to the world: 153
  Military branches:
  Equatorial Guinea Armed Forces (FAGE): Equatorial Guinea National Guard (Guardia Nacional de Guinea Ecuatorial, GNGE (Army), Navy, Air Force (2013)
  Military service age and obligation:
  18 years of age for selective compulsory military service, although conscription is rare in practice; 2-year service obligation; women hold only administrative positions in the Navy (2013)
- Transnational Issues :: Equatorial Guinea
- Disputes - international:
  in 2002, ICJ ruled on an equidistance settlement of Cameroon-Equatorial Guinea-Nigeria maritime boundary in the Gulf of Guinea, but a dispute between Equatorial Guinea and Cameroon over an island at the mouth of the Ntem River and imprecisely defined maritime coordinates in the ICJ decision delayed final delimitationUN urged Equatorial Guinea and Gabon to resolve the sovereignty dispute over Gabon-occupied Mbane and lesser islands and to create a maritime boundary in the hydrocarbon-rich Corisco Bay
  Trafficking in persons:
  current situation: Equatorial Guinea is a source country for children subjected to sex trafficking and destination country for men, women, and children subjected to forced labor; Equatorial Guinean girls may be encouraged by their parents to engage in the sex trade in urban centers to receive groceries, gifts, housing, and money; children are also trafficked from nearby countries for work as domestic servants, market laborers, ambulant vendors, and launderers; women are trafficked to Equatorial Guinea from Cameroon, Benin, other neighboring countries, and China for forced labor or prostitution
  tier rating: Tier 3 – Equatorial Guinea does not fully comply with the minimum standards on the elimination of trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so; in 2014, the government made no efforts to investigate or prosecute any suspected trafficking offenders or to identify or protect victims, despite its 2004 law prohibiting all forms of trafficking and mandating the provision of services to victims; undocumented migrants continued to be deported without being screened to assess whether any were trafficking victims; authorities did not undertake any trafficking awareness campaigns, implement any programs to address forced child labor, or make any other efforts to prevent trafficking (2015)